Oct 13, 2020
Introduction of Computer science:
Introduction:
Computer is a electronic device that receives input,Process the input as per user instruction and provides output in desires manner
Computational Thinking:
computational thinking is a way of solving problem ,designing systems, and understanding human behavior by drawing on the concepts of computer science.
There are four types of CT:
1.ALGORITHMIC THINKING:Algorithmic thinking whenever they create or use a well-defined series of steps to achieve a desired outcome.
2.DECOMPOSITION:Decomposition means breaking down a complicated problem into its components and working on one component at a time.
3.ABSTRACTION:Abstraction refers to stripping away unnecessary details to develop a generic solution, or representing a complicated system with a simple model or visualization.
4.PATTERN RECOGNITION:Pattern recognition by analyzing trends in data and using that information to work out solutions.
ASCII: American standard code for information interchange .This code is popular in data communications in micro computers .It’s published asci in 1963 finally in 1983 what in the present form ASCII two types
- ASCII -7 : represent 7 bit code
- ASCII - 8 : represent 8 bit code
BINARY:The binary system on the other hand, is a base 2 number system. That means it only uses two numbers 0 and 1.dish number system is the basics of all binary code which is used to write data such as the computer processor instrumentation.
Algorithm and It’s complexity:To make a computer to anything have to write a computer program to compute the program you have to tell the complete step-by-step exactly what you want to do the computer then execute the problem that problem is known as Computer algorithm
- Constant complexity:It takes a constant number of steps for performing a given operation and discount does not depends on the size of the input data
- Logarithmic complexity: It takes the order of log(N) steps. where the base of the logarithm is most often 2.for performing the given operation on N element’s
- Exponential complexity: It takes a number of steps, which is with an exponential dependability with the size of the input data, to perform an operation on N elements
Pseudo-code: Pseudo-code is an informal high-level representation of the actual code that shows how an algorithm or a computer program works in plain English.Writing pseudo code allows you to get those brilliant ideas in your head in front of you without having to worry about the syntax of the programming language. Since it has no specific syntax
Storing Data in Memory: Computer memory is technically any type of electronic storage. Without it and without access to it, a computer is just a useless box. From startup to shutdown, and all processes in between, a computer relies on several types of memory in order to function.
Datatypes to store data :Programming uses a number of different data types. A data type determines what type of value an object can have and what operations can be performed.Here are four simple data types that represent how information is internally stored
The simple data types in the platform are:
1.Integer Datatype:The integer data type (int) is used to represent whole numbers that can be stored within 32-bits
2.Decimal Datatype:The decimal data type (dec) is used to represent 64-bit floating point values
3.Text Datatype:The text data type (text) is used to represent values that contain uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, spaces, and symbols.
4.Dates and Time Datatype: While dates and times are typically stored in columns that have an integer or decimal data type, they must be specified in a valid form to produce the expected results.
